Unman Wittering and Zigo by Giles Cooper Analysis

We have been studying the play Unman Wittering and Zigo, which was written by Giles Cooper in the 1960's. Giles Cooper was born in Dublin in 1918 into a privileged home. His father was a naval officer, who later became a judge. Giles Cooper's father wanted him to become a diplomat or a lawyer but Giles chose to go to drama school rather than university. He was educated in a public school, subsequently the story is based on his own experiences of authoritarian teaching while he was a student. Giles Cooper was concerned about the effects of authoritarian teaching and as a result wrote this play. The play is about a teacher, John Ebony, in his first job who wants to make a good impression. He finds that the boys he is teaching are fractious and have a nasty habit of gambling. His life as a teacher rapidly descends in to a nightmare, and as the story goes on he begins to uncover the mystery surrounding the death of the previous school master. It goes on to reveal something dark and unpleasant about the nature of the boys who killed their form teacher. The play was written for radio so there aren't any visuals. The audience therefore had to imagine what the characters and scenarios were like. As it is a radio play the tone and pitch of the voice are very important because this is the medium through which effective understanding is conveyed. The scenes in the play are very short because audiences cannot listen for a long time without visuals. Therefore the director must entertain the audience by providing a gripping thriller. John is used in the story to expose the hidden secrets of Chantery and the corruption of the boys. Giles Cooper does this through a vulnerable and in experienced teacher. John is trying to be more like Mr Winstanly but this does not work for John because he is far too inexperienced. In the first scene John is appointed as a temporary teacher at Chantery. When the Head is talking to him he makes sure John knows about the reputation of the school, as if the headmaster is showing off. Surprisingly the headmaster ignores John's questions and instead of answering he interrupts or changes the subject. ‘Was he my predecessor? Er, Yes. That brick building†¦.' This makes the reader wonder why? He does it because he is hiding something about Mr Pelham The headmaster tells John that Lower 5 B are a little mischievous but he does not reveal the full truth about the class but holds it back. The Head then leaves him with Cary, by doing this the headmaster comes across as an irresponsible character. He also undermines John's confidence because he feels he is not important enough to be shown around the classroom. This is not the case. The headmaster is scared that John will find out about the corruption of the school if he is shown too much. This shows the Headmaster is hiding the inner secrets of the school and is only showing the ‘sugar coated topping' of an apparently successful public school. In scene 3 the boys take control very quickly. From the beginning the boys start mocking John and giving random and futile comments, as though they are mocking the way teachers teach. ‘Jamaica's in the Caribbean, sir' They use a derisive tone by giving useless information as though they are teasing John. John loses his temper and responds to this in an authoritarian way. As a diversion they then poke Wittering, who cries out loud. This delays the lesson again. When his attempt to quiet them down fails he resorts to using his authority. â€Å"Now I don't wish to crack the whip on our first morning but I will if you make me† The pupils respond to this by giving a fake confession to him of Mr Pelham's murder but they use this confession as an attempt to intimidate John throughout scene 3, John raises his voice constantly i.e. using authoritarian teaching to gain control of the class but this does not work and he fails to regain control of the class. The students take advantage of John's inexperience and in doing so gain an advantage over John When the Head walks in, the boys carry on with the lesson and by doing this makes us think that they have done this before. This is the chance John has to tell the Headmaster about what they had said, but foolishly he doesn't. This shows that John's confidence has diminished. Furthermore John presumably does not want to tell the Head because it could create the impression that he cannot handle the class. In scene 8, convinced that the boys have committed some sort of crime, John takes Mr Pelham's wallet to the headmaster and suggests that it should be given to the police. However, (contrary to John expectations) the headmaster tells him off for leaving the class and ignores his concerns. â€Å"‘It was in his pocket when he was killed' ‘It is a practice which is always discouraged here. Every period should be worked through whatever happens'† The headmaster then changes the subject, suggesting he doesn't want to discuss John's concerns, by saying he wanted to invite him for dinner. This shows that the headmaster does not give John any support but more importantly does not want the secrets of what happens in the school to be exposed. He is extremely sensitive about the reputation of the school. The Headmaster then seems to order him to return to Lower 5 B, â€Å"‘ Lower 5 B have been left to their own devices for long enough, Miss Gammel' ‘But sir' ‘Discourage any discussion of the matter'† By doing this the headmaster is discarding any of his suggestions and is not helping out John when he is inexperienced and unsure of what to do. The situation would affect John greatly because he knows he doesn't have any one to turn to and cannot do anything even if the boys intimidate and taunt him. When John returns the pupils seem to know what the Headmaster has said. ‘On the whole Ebony. The less said the better. Perhaps you better return to Lower 5 B. They have been left to their own devices for too long.' This suggests it has been said before. Teachers have gone to the headmaster but he has been very dismissive. The pupils seeing John's lack of confidence take advantage of the invitation and make a proposal. â€Å"‘You don't want to be sacked from your first job do you sir†¦.' ‘No he wants us to be a credit to him.'† The tone of the pupils her would be very calm, slightly intimidating as though they know they are in control but also very persuasive but this time they spoke in more of a friendly manner. On the other hand John would be speaking in an uncertain tone and seems to agree to the modus vivendi although he doesn't actually say anything which emphasises his powerlessness. The modus vivendi creates a vague sense of stability in the classroom as it brings about a situation in which the constant battle for power is ended for the time being. This is because it seems John has finally been defeated and the students have gained control. John admits defeat at this point and it is now that he is finally sees the truth in their confessions and begins to develop an idea of how cunning and clever the students are and how much the system has corrupted them. As a result of this he sees no point of arguing with them as they obviously don't lack determination. The situation changes once again when the Headmaster more or less sacks John. ‘†¦.that's the last thing I'd want you to think, but we always like to have Old Chantovians on the staff and as Grimwits available for the Easter term we really think we ought to take this opportunity to secure his services†¦.' The headmaster not only puts John out of a job, but crushes his high hopes of raising his teaching status by starting in a well known and supposedly successful public school. One characteristic that John does not lack is ambition. It is this that causes him to be irresolute at a time when discipline is needed as he doesn't want to spoil his chances of a permanent job. Getting sacked in turn brings about a new feeling of anger. In this new frame of mind it now seems to John that he has nothing to lose and this creates new possibilities for John. In scene 24 the tables turn, as John gains power and the students lose it. The students begin to realise that they can't hold anything against John and moreover the fact that he doesn't seem to care anymore. Now it is the students that begin to panic. When John refuses to teach the lesson, the students retaliate by trying to show that they don't need him and haven't lost anything. They try to prove how little his withdrawal affects them so attempt to continue with the lesson themselves. â€Å"‘And he's taking it out on us' ‘It's not fair' ‘Are we going to let him?' ‘No. We'll go on ahead without him. Cuthbun, you're the best at history you take us'† This attempt fails as their independent learning skills have not been developed, and soon there is chaos when they begin to bully Wittering, taking all their frustration out on him. This is where the writer shows that, although too much authority has disturbing consequences, totally removing it would be just as harmful because anarchy would be the result. The confession and revelation of Mr. Pelham's death plays an essential role throughout the play. Not only does it disclose what characters authoritarian teaching can create. It also shows the extent of Cooper's passionate views regarding authoritarian teaching. The play is about violence and authority, the questions posed by the play are- Does authority prevent violence, or does authority cause violence?

Apush Containment Essay

The year of 1945 was a time of relief for America and its people. That year was the end of World War II. Germany had lost and the time for rebuilding was near. However, the peace did not last long between the Soviet Union and the United States. A difference in political and economic views caused a rift in the Soviet Union and United States relationship of convenience. The Soviet Union was running on a system of government called communism. Communism’s theory of a government run by the economy was the complete opposite of America’s dedication to independence. This difference caused great tension between the two nations and became a Cold War. The Soviet Union believed that communism was going to overcome capitalism and that they will win the Cold War. America’s retaliation to the Soviet Union’s spreading of communism was containment. Containment is the attempt to stop the spread of communism. The Cold War split the world into two large groups, those who were under communist rule and those who were against it. The United States was dedicated in their fight against communism with instances like the Truman Doctrine, which vowed to support anyone who was being threatened by communist rule, and The Marshall Plan, which gave over 10 billion dollars to European countries in the effort to rebuild the damage done during World War II. By 1947, the United States and Soviet Union were constantly on their toes and pushing boundaries to see who would gain the upper hand in the Cold War. By the end of World War II Germany occupied by the four major powers and divided into two territories. The three allied forces became West Germany and East Germany was communist. The capital of Berlin was divided between communism and independence. In an effort to test the United States’ commitment to containment Joseph Stalin decided to put up a blockade around West Germany. (Doc B) The blockade prevented all supplies, including food, from getting into Western Berlin. Because the U.S. was already sending billions of dollars into Europe the Soviet Union felt that they would not get involved in the small confrontation going on. However, the United Sates honored their commitment to the Truman Doctrine and along with help from their allies; America flew in supplies and food to West Berliners for over a year. The Berlin Airlift was a success and on May 12, 1949, Stalin removed the blockade. (Doc B) This act of containment proved that the States kept their word when it came to preventing the spread of communism. Joseph Stalin and the Soviet Union had their sights set on another territory that they felt could be overthrown, South Korea. North Korea was supported by the Soviet Union while South Korea was supported by the U.S., which meant there was a standoff between the two territories. In 1950, South Korea was invaded by North Korea and the United States vowed to support and protect them. American troops occupying Japan after WWII were sent to support South Korea. (Doc C) A battle on the separating border between the North and South proceed for several years. After continuous attacks and counter attacks the war finally ends in 1953. The resulting borders ended up being very similar to the original borders of 1950. (Doc C) The war caused over 50,000 American deaths but also stopped the Soviet Union from gaining any ground in their goal to spread communism. This act of containment was a success. Years later on the other side of the world confrontation was becoming unavoidable between the United States and Cuba. In 1959, communist leader Fidel Castro takes control of Cuba. (Doc D) President Kennedy puts support in an invasion of Cuba, known as the Bay of Pigs, but efforts fail and Castro remains in power. In May of 1962 the Soviet Union secretly begins to send nuclear warheads, missiles, and troops to Cuba. (Doc D) The U.S. sees the nuclear missile sites swiftly being put together in Cuba and quickly takes action. Quarantine was placed against all ships carrying weapons and supplies to Cuba. Quarantine is an isolation to prevent the spread of something considered dangerous. The United States was in a constant state of terror during the time of this Cuban Missile Crisis. By October of 1962, the Soviet Union was already removing missiles from Cuba and the crisis was avoided. A quiet agreement made between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The United States’ action in Cuba demonstrates the policy of containment because they used all resources available to prevent any type of communist revolt by Cuba from happening. In conclusion, containment was the United States effort to stopping the spread of communism. In every form of it the U.S. was successful. This is why containment was such a good theory for us. It was a non-aggressive way to fight Communism. Since we used containment, the Soviet Union was less tempted to bring out nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction. The Cold War would have become a â€Å"hot war† very quick if they forced the issue of containment. The policy was set up to serve the purposes of stopping Communism, not starting a massive war. Which kind of war is better: a massive attack resulting in thousands of dead soldiers or a long, drawn out war? The most logical answer is the long, drawn out war, which is exactly what the Cold War was. It was not a war to â€Å"fight to the death.† It was a war of do as you please but keep it within your own nation, or come through us.

Invented Tradition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Invented Tradition - Essay Example In the mid 19th century the war between British and China has caused the leader of the British to concede. This was about the legalization of the opium by the Western to sell it to the drug addicts in China. Like in the present situation marijuana and other addicting substance are being sold anywhere. Racism is one of the invented traditions that are important in the development of the Asia or the Orient. It is one of the problematic notions in the Western. From the 19th century until now Westerns or the Europeans and Americans tends to look one person based on its race or history. The racism in Asian or the orient is not evident since they can adopt in different cultural norms and values. China for example has become successful today because of hard work and cooperation without tracing the race or beginnings. It is an invented tradition which may not help the development of a nation. The traditions can be grafted from the old ones. The western notion about race can still be adopted in a different ways. The traditional song or folksong can be the basis of identification of a certain nationality. In the past Asian such as the Philippines has several folksongs helping it in identifying the country. By this invented tradition several composers and writers have been able to compose several songs which was taken from the past and continued in the present. This song from the Western colony has been reorganized or arranged to adopt in the culture of the Asians. The historical development of the song from the Western notion has been changed thru repetitive arrangement of the song and several corrections on it. Now Asians or the Orient has its identity from the invented traditions of songs. Religions in the past are also a significant factor in the history of the Asians under the Europeans. Catholics before are devoted, the invented tradition of religion in western notion of Asians has been changed by changing several writings about the Bible. The result of several religious groups today maybe traced from the past. The war in the religion maybe the cause of different beliefs arises from the culture they are living. Before Westerns are believed to be Catholic, but now different groups with different names is arising adopting their beliefs from the Catholic. Invented tradition is useful since from the past we will be able to solve several problems from the present. The invented tradition may serve as an evidence of the present problem that can be solved by studying the past and the origin of the tradition. The problem in the racism as stated above can be solved by tracing back the tradition of the past. The history of the songs written and the national anthem of every nation can be understood by analyzing the past. Thru invented tradition the understanding about human relation will be clearly analyzed. Discrimination in certain western area can be prevented by tracing the past of such belief to the present situation of the Asian people in a western soil. The western notion about the niger or the black race can be changed by presenting the history of the Asian or the Orient. 2. What role has power and hierarchy

The darling by chekhov anton Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The darling by chekhov anton - Research Paper Example She is not afraid to love though loss brings her terrible pain. She is keen on being loved and admired by her male counterparts. The readers cannot help but feel sympathy for Olga, however, they also grow irritable of the fact that she does not stay firm on opinions and changes her perspectives with the people she meets and falls in love with. The story being set in a period when women were submissive to males and patriarchy echoed off the walls of every house, it is only obvious that the readers would agree with her character. However, they would feel a little disrespect for her as she does not have any opinions of her own. The story begins with a scene in which Kukin, a theatre owner, who stays at Olga’s lodge, complains about the rain always ruining the number of patrons to be present for his shows. She starts liking him and as â€Å"his misfortunes touched her; she grew to love him† (Chekov 1899). This happens only after her father dies. So it can be seen that when she does not have her father to love anymore, that is when she falls in love with Kukin. She loses her father and is left with only material elements of life. She yearns for male affection and she sees the potentiality in Kukin and soon marries him. Olga marries him and does all the help she can like settling accounts. She adopts his love and passion towards the theatre and becomes one with him. Like Kukin she hates the fact that the public do not appreciate theatre as an art and ignore it like it means nothing (Chekov 1899). Her husband however happens to go to Moscow â€Å"to collect a new troupe† and is held back f or some reason (Chekov 1899) He telegrams her that he will be back during Easter. However she receives a telegram one day informing about his death and she is not able to bear the fact that she is left alone in this world. She does not have anyone to love or be loved

Speluncean Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Speluncean Paper - Essay Example Chief justice Truepenny made a ruling that found the accused guilty of murder, which she supposed that it was in accordance with the Commonwealth law. However, I do not agree with the opinion of proposing the course of action to the Executive. The rationale for such a statement is that her presumptions had a considerable influence on the case and the ruling. Such a statement also implies that the chief justice hindered the independence of the executive through the imposition of his mind. As such, there is a conclusion that the ruling must have been biased because there is no element of the collaboration of the jury (Hockett 2013). Justice Foster ruled that the plaintiff was innocent after an interpretation of the loopholes of the Commonwealth law. For instance, in his ruling, the judge claimed that the case was under the guidance of the law of nature, which meant that the accused did not commit murder. He assumed the weakness of the law and interpreted it to the rest, which made his judgment a possible source of other related crimes. He made a mistake in quoting a number of cases that explored the weaknesses of the law to make rules of the nature that he made concerning the case. The third ruling involved Justice Handy, who considered opinions polls from the public to make sympathy judgments. The judge applied only a little component of the law in making his decision almost unlawful. The approach he took to consider the opinions of the public was not wrong, but choosing to incline his ruling to sympathy diluted justice according to the law. The accused found themselves innocent because the pubic thought so and influenced the opinion of the judge. Justice keen’s ruling should have had the fairest legal touch should he have considered the nature of their decision. For this case, the judge ruled in accordance with what the law of the land

Public policy 1000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Public policy 1000 - Essay Example nterest in the public. Furthermore, efficiency is also considered a factor that seeks to establish the appropriateness in utilization of resources in achievement of policy objectives and implementation. Consistency of the instrument is considered a factor focusing on level of alignment in terms objectives, strategies of the government, legislative, constitutional and regulatory administration. The other factor is reflective of the policy instrument, which focuses on the values of the society and community such as liberty, sanctuary, confidentiality and communality. All these factors are focused on issues that resonate around choosing effective instruments. However, study in the process that involves implementation of various policies has led to the interests of analyzing the relevance of instruments and assessment of effective that is established. There are situation when deficiencies of various tools requires selection of new instruments; thus, this leads to pragmatic objective of t aking alternative to usual instruments or designing meta-instruments. In fact, this enables and facilitates coordination of conventional instruments (Bernelmans-Videc, Rist & Vedung, 1998, 34). Nonetheless, instrumentation is significant way of reflection, given that it produces its effects; thus, it entails a device, which is technical and social. In addition, it is considered a certain form of institution, which technical device with aims of undertaking concrete concepts of relationship between politics and society, which need to be sustained. Application of concept in choosing policy instruments offers a basis of focusing past functionalist approaches, thereby perceiving public policy from the dimension of these instruments, which structures policies. Moreover, this method of selection is a replacement of the classical approach through policy substance based on assessment and analysis form the perception towards these instruments. On the other hand, this focuses on deconstruction via instruments with a focus on understanding the instrumentation approach that permits addressing of dimensions of public policy, which might be invisible. In addition, understanding of policy instrumentation requires a focus assessing sets of problems, which require choice and applicability of certain form of policy instruments (Hood, Rothstein & Baldwin, 2001, 89). Therefore, this enables the government to make policies that are functional and material. Choices of policy instruments focus on innovation, which is associated with a period that has high interest on democracy; in fact, this perspective is considered based on ideas of political supply. Therefore, establishment of policy instrument offers a way of revealing an insightful revolution in the meaning of policy through cognitive and normative framework. Therefore, this calls for a need to focus on prominence institutional reasons for obstacles based on the alteration and tendencies

Computer science and information technology major personal statement Essay

Computer science and information technology major personal statement - Essay Example I noticed that the lock was very convenient since we never had to bring the key again. I started to dream about owning a smart house where electronics will do everything for us, such as tasks scheduling, voice commanding, decisions making, etc. Since coming to the U.S., I have seen people using iPhones to dim lights in their houses. I realized my dream is actually achievable, yet even that did not seem like enough. I want houses that are even â€Å"smarter†, and I wish one day everyone can own one of these houses. I want to customize my own smart house instead of those that exist already. Looking back on the past, I realize t that my dream had become more of a reality when I got to use computers.   The first time I used a computer I use it to play games only. I started to play a Japanese web game (livly) in 2005. By chance the game allowed me to customize my own homepage with HTML. I started to write simple HTML for my page. Eventually, I spent more time exploring the World Wide Web and discovered that there are programming languages for web pages which can do more than a markup language. I managed to read a book about PHP4 and MYSQL which I borrowed from the library. Although I did not have enough knowledge to understand everything, I read through the whole book and tried my best to understand all of the content. At the same time, my achievement in writing simple Visual Basic code in high school encouraged me even more to explore the computer field.   In 2009 I had a very special experience. I participated in a regional championship of the Worldskills Competition in Office and I was glad that I had learnt a lot in the field of software application from the training course I had taken. I was allowed to explore Microsoft Office at a deeper level by implementing VBA and the built-in library functions in Microsoft Excel. A year after I participated in another competition with participants from Hong Kong and Macau. I got a chance

France business code Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

France business code Ethics - Essay Example France is not only a developed country, but one that has moved from economic government ownership and control, to free market economy. Many large companies in France have been privatized, with France Telecom, Air France, Thales and Renault being examples of plans that have undergone privatization. France enjoys the third largest earning from tourism, being the world’s most visited tourist destination. Despite these points of strengths, France is greatly affected by cultural dynamics and ethical constraints. France, officially known as the French Republic is an independent republic in Western Europe. It extends as far as the Mediterranean Sea, the English Channel, the North Sea, the Rhine River and the Atlantic Ocean. Presently, France is the largest country in Europe and also owns the world’s second-most important exclusive economic zone. While the history of France is always traced back to the Franks, France has developed over time to be a leading democracy and one of the pillars of European Union (EU). Likewise, France had been an absolute monarchy until the Storming of the Bastille took place on July 14th, 1789 and culminated unto the French Revolution. It was also at this historical juncture that France founded the fundamental rights and freedoms of the French citizens without any exception by making a declaration on the rights of man and those of the French citizen. All the above developments have given businesses in France a greater impetus. For instance, through the declaration of human rights and freedom, French citizens are able to choose their occupation, including entrepreneurship. Conversely, the aforementioned leadership position is seen in the manner in which it has continued to dispense an important global role as one of the permanent member of NATO, the EU, the Great 8, the Great 20 and the United Nations Security Council. Initially, France had been removed from NATO forces or

Decision Support System Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Decision Support System Technologies - Essay Example Internet is one of the major technological drivers to bring those changes. As a result, now businesses are going global, physical boundaries are getting meaningless. One of the major outcomes of this technological influence on the businesses was the development of the information systems. Initially, in late 1950's and early 1960's, these information systems used to do batch processing, generating a limited number of reports. Later on, these systems keep on growing and ultimately emerged in to ERPs (Enterprise Resource Planning). ERPs were highly integrated systems that helped to automate and integrate various business operations. However, what was really missing even then was the support to decision making capabilities. As these information systems were designed to automate the business operations, therefore the reports generated out of it were also operation centered and thus were not able to provide the enterprise-wide view and consequently, they were of little use to strategic decision makers. This problem gave birth to various decision support system technologies. Let us explore each of them separately. Web analytics is the term used to describe the application of the concept of business analytics or business intelligence on the websites. It is also called web intelligence. We can also say that it is the study of the behavior or behavioral analysis of the website visitors. (Schlegel) Over the period of time, web analytics has been evolved as one of the major analysis tools to monitor the marketing done through web. One of the techniques of web analytics is click stream analysis. In the context of the businesses, web analysis is the use of the data collected from the website so as to ascertain, which part of the website works towards the business objectives. There are different types of information that can be gathered from the web analytics. The most important one is the web traffic report. Other worth collecting information heads are, email response rate, sales and direct mail campaign response rate, marketing and the lead generation information etc. The data thus collected is the n measured against the set benchmarks. (Rober) Informatica Corporation focus closely on using web to enable organizations to track business performance. Using the Informatica Business Intelligence platform, organizations gather business information metrics via voice systems, the web, and wireless transmission. Informatica Analytics Delivery Platform is an internet based system, that provides real time data about the business performance results. Here is the list of the business intelligences tools that support web analysis, specially through XML tools: Actuate 6 by Actuate Corp. Business Objects Web Intelligence by Business Objects. Clear Research, Clear Events by Clear Forest Corp. Cognos Series 7, Cognos Web Services SDK Crystal Enterprise, Crystal Reports, Crystal Analysis Professional by Crystal Decisions. DATA WAREHOUSING: The name data warehousing refers to the warehouse to store data. Just like the additional inventory that is at the moment not required for current business operations is kept in the warehouse and is called when needed. Likewise, in a data warehouse, the data not relate to current operation, such historical data is placed in the data warehouse. In technical terms,

English poet Essay Example for Free

English poet Essay William Shakespeare was baptised in 26 April, 1564 and died in 23 April, 1616. He was an English poet and playwright, widely known as the greatest writer in the English language. He is often called Englands national poet. His surviving works consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor and writer. He appears to have retired to Stratford around 1613, where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeares private life survived, such matters as his physical appearance, sexuality, religion, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others. Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest works in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies (romances).Romeo and Juliet is the famous romantic tragedy of sexually charged adolescence, love, and death. Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the 19th century. The Romantics, in particular, acclaimed Shakespeares genius, and the Victorians worshipped Shakespeare with a reverence that George Bernard Shaw.

Assessing The Impact Of Over Fishing Environmental Sciences Essay

Assessing The Impact Of Over Fishing Environmental Sciences Essay Nowadays the demand of marine resources constantly grows. The growing demand stimulates the development of fishery and other marine resources exploitation. However, the unreasonable use of marine resources can cause the fatal damage to some ecosystems and to the global ecosystem of the world ocean. The over fishing is a main concern. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, or FAO, provides the statistics about the global production from capture fisheries in the world. Within the recent two decades (starting from 1985) the reported landings of marine capture fisheries have fluctuated between 80 and 86 million tones per year (DKNVS report, 2006) However, the constantly increasing contribution of developing countries and China leads to the progressive growth of captive fisheries volume. At the same time, the overfishing in some regions has already led to ecosystem degradation and some species extinction. Analytics think that at the nearest future the fish will stay the inc reasingly high-value commodity, and the global demand to the fish and marine products will continue to grow. The usage of other marine resources, like energy resources, minerals, and gene pool, also grows and can lead to overuse and ecosystem degradation, too. In the aggregate the human exploitation of the marine resources and other factors of human influence, like the water pollutions and coastal agriculture, can lead to the irreversible changes in the ecosystem of the ocean up to the total degradation. Nowadays the technological potential of humankind doesnt have the technologies of marine ecosystem resurrection. The thesis of this paper the following: the human exploitation of the marine sources has to be controlled to prevent overfishing and other kinds of overuse, or the ecosystem of the global ocean can be irreparably damaged. Human exploitations: earth vs sea Humans are the link in the food chain so the human activity has an impact on ecosystems. Even early human societies changed the surrounding ecosystems. Nowadays the growth of human population and its impact on the environment escalated the problem on the global scale. Sure, the exploitation of the land resources is more active than the exploitation of the marine sources. There are many terrestrial ecosystems damaged and ruined with human factors. However, the lower speed of marine life cycle causes harder resurrection of the pelagic sources. The principal difference in the human exploitation on the land and on the sea is the following: on the land the humankind rebuilt the structure of terrestrial ecosystems and replaced the wild species with the domestic species. In the sea the important species werent replaced. They became extinct and the extinction of some marine species led to the degradation of marine ecosystems. Despite the existing fisheries regulations, the last majority of t he fish stocks throughout the ocean are overfished. Not only fishes but marine animals like turtles and whales and some species suffer from population reduction up to 40% comparatively to the population volume a century ago. Some popular species are almost approaching extinction, for example, blue-fin tuna. There are three types of overfishing, or three kinds of direct effects of captive overfishing. To make the maximal gain per recruit the fish should grow to the proper average size. The fishery of the smaller fish is a growth overfishing. To replenish the population it is needed the proper percent of mature adults. The shortage of mature adults in the population to the lower the level of reproductive capacity is a recruitment overfishing. The change in the balance of ecosystem caused by fishery and preventing the population growth is an ecosystem overfishing. All three types of overfishing have the negative impact on the ecosystem. Thus, the exploitation of marine resources should be more careful and reasonable because of lower temp of resurrection. Ecosystem effects of overfishing Overfishing as a treat to biodiversity There are also some indirect effects of overfishing, and the decrease in biodiversity is one of them. The loss in biodiversity is a serious treat to the ecosystem in a whole. The cumulative loss of species-from inconspicuous worms to large fish-sharply reduces the ability of sea life to resist diseases, filter pollutants and rebound from stresses such as overfishing and climate change (Blankenship, 2006) The numerous studies show that higher rate of biodiversity is the base of health and stability of ecosystem, as well as its ability to recover. However, the overfishing and the collapse of some the most popular species create the trend, which can lead to the total collapse of ocean ecosystem in 2048 (Blankenship, 2006). The careful fishery management can prevent the total collapse but the strict limits and bans should be implemented without delay. The alternations in the food chains Italian scientist Lorenzo Camerano outlined the dilemma of double-sided regulation in 1880 year. The dilemma is following: the high amount of birds can decrease the population of the insets in ecosystem, however, the number of birds can be high only on those regions were the large amount of food (mainly insects) is available. (Sheffer et al, 2005)This particular example illustrates the top-down and bottom-up mechanism of regulation in the ecosystem. The bottom-up regulation is the main mechanism of natural regulation and the marine ecosystems are no exception. However, the human interference is an important factor of top-down regulation, which changes the natural regulation in ecosystems including marine ones. The nature of food chain is similar in every ecosystem: solar energy and inorganic compounds are transformed by autotrophs, chemotrophs and litotrophs through photosynthesis and chemosynthesis to organic compounds. Then the organic compounds are transformed by heterotrophs into the more complex organic compounds. The predators are the highest link in the pyramid. Usually the number of predators is regulated by the number of low-level organisms. The disappearance of predators from the food chain can lead to the unrestrained growth of low-level organisms population. The marine ecosystems have their specific features. The role of photosynthesis isnt as significant as in terrestrial ecosystems. On the other hand, the majority of chemotrophic organisms inhabit the ocean. The primary producer in the marine ecosystem is phytoplankton and the fish is a main natural predator. Nowadays the top positions in the food web of all ecosystems are occupied with people. The overfishing, or the extinction the main natural fishing, can lead to trophic cascading effects changes in the ecosystems. The recent example of trophic cascading effects caused by overfishing The ecosystem of Canadian East Coast, hardly damaged with cod overfishing, suffers from the particular changes in the ecosystem. The east coast of Newfoundland was historically known as the region of fishery. The article in the Greenpeace archive tells that in 1497 year the explorer John Cabot wrote the huge cod school virtually blocked his ship. Five centuries after the Canadian government totally banned the fishery in this region because of the collapse of ecosystem. After the decrease of large fish population following level of the food web small fishes and large invertebrates, such as northern shrimp and northern snow crab significantly increased the population volume. The growth on this food-web level caused the shortage on its nutritive base, large plant-eating zooplankton (> 2 mm). The decrease of zooplankton, in its turn, became the reason for phytoplankton population volume increase. The unexpected (but natural) consequence was the exponential increase in seal populations. The large fishes like cod compete with seals in the food web for the nutrition base. The extinction of main competitor allowed growing the seal population. The economic consequences of cod overfishing were also significant. Thus, the cod stocks have started to recover in areas south of 44 degrees north. The strict bans can help to recover the cod population and to return the ecosystem to its initial state. However, other areas north of 44 degrees North the cod stock failed to recover despite a nearly complete shutdown of cod fishing. The coastal communities of Newfoundland still suffer from the job loss and struggle to recover. The changes in marine ecosystem lead to the shift in commercial fishery to the low-level of food-web, smaller fishes and crabs. Nowadays the economic value of the shrimp and crab fisheries is more than the earlier value of the cod fishery. Other indirect effects There are also some other indirect effects of oversifishing that are not so visible, but they also contribute to the general problem. The loss of macrofauna leads to the loss of ecosystem structure and the rise of pests. Generally pests are the species detrimental to humans. In the case of degraded marine ecosystems pests are the invasive species. With the lack of restrictive factors such species are able to congest the ecosystem and force out almost all native species declining the biodiversity. For example, European green crab, the native inhabitant of Baltic sea and the northern part of the Atlantic ocean, became the invasive specie in the seas of Australia, South Africa and South America. The ghost fishing is effect from fishing nets lost of left in the ocean by fishermen. The nets are almost invisible in the dim underwater light. They can drift for a long distance. Fishes, marine animals, sea birds and even human divers can be caught and entangled with the net. The net restrict movement and can cause the disease, starvation and suffocation. The volume of ghost fishing can hardly be evaluated because the most victims go down the ocean bottom. Methods of overfishing prevention The importance of fishery management increases simultaneously with the fishery development. The most popular methods of over fishing prevention are the implementation of fishing quotas, limits and bans, the development of fishing farms instead of captive fishery, the coastal zone management and some other measures. Fishing quotas, limits and bans Studies and analyses show that in the nearest future the sustainability concerns will increase due to environmental controversy. The growing demand will require the increase of fishery but the protection of marine ecosystems will require the strict bans, limits and control. The developed countries should implement the environmental regulations and institutions first and provide the same norms to the developing countries. The use of fishoil and feashmeal should become the important issue of the national policy. For example, China bans the fishery in the South China Sea for the certain period every year. However, all the quotas and limits cause the protests and resistance from fishermen. Fishing farms The fishing farms are rather new but successful kind of fish production. According to FAO statistics, the contribution of aquaculture to global supplies of fish, crustaceans and molluscs continues to grow, increasing from 3.9 percent of total production by weight in 1970 to 29.9 percent in 2002. Worldwide, the sector has grown at an average rate of 8.9 percent per year since 1970, compared with only 1.2 percent for capture fisheries and 2.8 percent for terrestrial farmed meat-production systems over the same period. (DKNVS report, 2006) the shift to the fish farming from the captive fishing is rather slow. However, the fish farming can help to protect and even prevent the extinction of marine species. Thus, last year in Australia the first land farm of southern blue-fin tuna was established. The blue-fin tuna is very popular fish because of its buttery meat, for this reason this species is almost collapsed. The land farm fishing is a real fishing alternative and should be developed. Coastal Zone Management The Norwegian experience shows that coastal zone plans for every municipality can be very useful. These plans should designate the zones for tourism and recreation, for agriculture; for certain fishery related activities and protected zones. These plans should be revised within a certain number of years according the results of activities. Other methods of fishing control The pelagic stocks should be protected not only from overfishing but form the pollutions and the issue of global ocean environmental protection will receive more attention worldwide. The use of fish products in the terrestrial agriculture (like the use of fishoil as the nutritional supplement) should be reconsidered and reduced. Among the other measures of pelagic stocks protection should be the reduction and mitigation of the environmental impacts of intensive aquaculture. At last, the global institutions worldwide should develop the programs of poverty reduction on the seaside zones. It is necessary to reduce the volume of the captive fishery, both legal and illegal, and shift the fishery to fish farming. Exploitation of other marine living resources The overfishing is in the focus of this research; however, it is necessary to mention other kinds of marine resources exploitation. Besides the biomass resources like fish, plant and marine invertebrates, the marine resources include the raw resources (underwater deposits of oil, gas and minerals and the minerals dissolved in the sea water), the energy resources (thermal energy, wave energy, etc), and the gene pool. The development of underwater oil deposits (offshore drilling) started in the 19s century. For more than a century it became clear that offshore drilling changes the marine ecosystems in the region. The recent accident on the BP oil platform in the Caribbean Sea attracted the attention of global publicity to the problem of offshore drilling environmental impact and renewed the hot debates regarding the issue. The oil price growth stimulates the offshore drilling development, but the environmental damage of it overweighs the profits from oil trade in the long-term perspect ive. The genetic potential of marine sources also attracts the attention to the marine sources. The biological and chemical diversity of the pelagic sources are well-known. Unique chemical compounds have a great potential for the cosmetic, pharmaceutics, and agrochemical industries. The global ocean also hosts more than 300,000 species of plants and animals, and the scientists claim the majority of deep-water species is still undiscovered. Thus, the gene pool of marine biomass is a field of active research. The observations in Norwegian marine industries provide the information that a relatively small number of marine plants, animals, and microbes have already yielded more than 12,000 novel chemicals. Some of the marine bioactive substances (with industrial applications as technological compounds, laboratory tools or ingredients in cosmetics) are already marketed and generate high benefits to mankind (and investors) (DKNVS report, 2006). Thus, the chemical compounds arabinosides extracted from the sponge, Tethya crypta, can be used in antiviral pharmacology and as the medicine in the acute myeloid leukemia treatment. It has a market potential up to $50 million annual sales. The further research of the marine species and their potential will lead to the additional attention to the marine resources. However, the exploitation of any marine resource can be carefully managed and controlled to prevent the collapse of ocean ecosystem. Summary and conclusion The researches of marine resources discover new and new potential of its commercial use. The gene pool and the variety of chemical compounds in the ocean open new possibilities in pharmacology, industrial chemistry, cosmetics, etc. Modern technologies allow the development of offshore drilling and the underwater mining. However, the overuse of these possibilities can lead to the collapse of marine ecosystem. The example of overfishing shows the possible consequences of marine sources overuse. The fishery exists as long and humankind, thus its consequences are the most obvious and significant. The overshishing causes the decrease of diversity in ecosystems, the tropic cascading effects, and even the collapse of some species. It is the treatment to overall ecological unity of the ocean. The fishery management can slowdown the ecosystem degradation and prevent the irreparable damage. The modern techniques of fishery management include fish quotas and bans, fish farming, coastal zone management and some other global management like the struggle with poverty in the coastal zones. The human factor already created the trend to the collapse of ocean ecosystem, and the immediate measurer are necessary to prevent it.

Graduation Speech :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Before I begin, I would like to tender my thanks to all of the people who have come here tonight. I would also like to apologize for what may seem an unorthodox speech, but I feel so strongly, that I must speak. Part I In the community of Emery, there can be found a danger that may at first seem imperceptible. It is not a danger that is commonly thought of as a danger. It is not the type of danger that can threaten your life, wreck your house or run over poor Fifi. No, it is more of the ethereal type, the type of danger that waits until you have passed and then stabs you in the back. As it may not be obvious what I am speaking about, I will elucidate. I am talking about the high school, or the lack of appropriate facilities thereof. Before you misinterpret what I have to say, let me tell you that I am not downing the present facility. The high school as it stand is very capable of housing 1000 students. However, if you go to, or have gone to the high school recently, you know that it is entirely inadequate for holding the 1,150 students that we have now, and more than inadequate for the 1,350 students that we are expecting next year. We all know that a new high school is needed. What has hindered us? Primarily, we've allowed petty agendas and our own personal beliefs to act as our blinders. These things keep us from achieving what is needed. For too long we've believed that "what was good enough for us is good enough for our children." That is not true, and the fact that the high school is inadequate has led to the education process being hobbled. For too long we've been close-minded in our approach to this subject. I believe that it is time to put aside the differences that we have allowed to divide us; to forget the past and think only of the future. We need to role up our sleeves and do the work that needs to be done. I believe that as we struggle for a new high school, our community will become closer and more united. Part II Tradition Now, the second part of my speech is on a more emotional note. I did have a nice, prewritten speech. But this morning I went running and I changed it. When I woke up, I didn't do anything, I simply put on my running clothes and went running. Graduation Speech :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address Before I begin, I would like to tender my thanks to all of the people who have come here tonight. I would also like to apologize for what may seem an unorthodox speech, but I feel so strongly, that I must speak. Part I In the community of Emery, there can be found a danger that may at first seem imperceptible. It is not a danger that is commonly thought of as a danger. It is not the type of danger that can threaten your life, wreck your house or run over poor Fifi. No, it is more of the ethereal type, the type of danger that waits until you have passed and then stabs you in the back. As it may not be obvious what I am speaking about, I will elucidate. I am talking about the high school, or the lack of appropriate facilities thereof. Before you misinterpret what I have to say, let me tell you that I am not downing the present facility. The high school as it stand is very capable of housing 1000 students. However, if you go to, or have gone to the high school recently, you know that it is entirely inadequate for holding the 1,150 students that we have now, and more than inadequate for the 1,350 students that we are expecting next year. We all know that a new high school is needed. What has hindered us? Primarily, we've allowed petty agendas and our own personal beliefs to act as our blinders. These things keep us from achieving what is needed. For too long we've believed that "what was good enough for us is good enough for our children." That is not true, and the fact that the high school is inadequate has led to the education process being hobbled. For too long we've been close-minded in our approach to this subject. I believe that it is time to put aside the differences that we have allowed to divide us; to forget the past and think only of the future. We need to role up our sleeves and do the work that needs to be done. I believe that as we struggle for a new high school, our community will become closer and more united. Part II Tradition Now, the second part of my speech is on a more emotional note. I did have a nice, prewritten speech. But this morning I went running and I changed it. When I woke up, I didn't do anything, I simply put on my running clothes and went running.

The Moral Judges of Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

The Moral Judges of The Scarlet Letter If human beings are evil, then they can easily appoint themselves as judges, and from their point of view, the decisions they make are moral. These judges try to make themselves look better, by lowering the criminal below their level. These moral judges also try to play God, by selecting, and if they have enough power, executing their decision as a punishment for the crime committed. It is as clear as glass, that these decisions that come from evil beings will also be immoral, and evil. Decisions made by moral judges reflect how much evil they possess within them. Hester had to stand on the scaffold, which was a place for public shame, and had everybody judge her for her crime, committing adultery. This punishment was decided for her by a group men who had political power. These men also thought that they were punishing an evil person, Hester, because she had sinned, and offended God. If that was true, why would a mortal decide, and act as God for God? These men in power made Hester look bad, so people on town would think that they are better than Hester, and because of that they would not sin, or they will too, will be punished. When Hester was standing on the scaffold, she was being judged by everybody, and since humans are evil, than their response towards her were not be positive, but evil. A group of women were talking with each other, and deciding on a punishment for Hester: "'What do we talk of marks and brands, whether on the bodice of her gown, or flesh of her forehead,'" (p. 49). To which another replied "'This woman has brought shame upon us all, and ought to die'" (p. 49). It is a good thing they didn't have any political power. This shows how full of evil these human self appointed judges are, and they do not only judge Hester, they also judge judges' decision. Hawthorne comments this barbarism by describing these judges: "...the ugliest as well as the most pitiless of these self-constituted judges," (p. 49). These evil women set themselves up themselves as moral judges in order to make themselves look like angels, by turning Hester into a devil.

Emotional Triggers :: essays research papers

When director of photography Conrad Hall, ASC and director Sam Mendes teamed to make American Beauty, few could have predicted that their dark vision of suburban malaise would be such a smash success. The film won five Academy Awards, including those for Best Picture, Best Director and Best Cinematography (Hall’s second Oscar, following his triumph for the 1969 Western classic Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid). Hall’s work also earned him his third ASC Award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography (see AC June ‘00). Road to Perdition, Hall and Mendes’ second collaboration, took the duo into decidedly different territory. Based on a graphic novel authored by Max Allan Collins, the film is a tale about the Irish Mafia set in 1930s Chicago. At its heart is the relationship between fathers and sons; after his professional life tragically impacts his domestic life, hit man Michael Sullivan (Tom Hanks) sets out on a wintry journey of self-discovery with his son, Michael Jr. (Tyler Hoechlin). Along the way, Sullivan must come to terms with his adoptive father, Irish crime lord John Rooney (Paul Newman). â€Å"Road to Perdition is a period movie in which there are no double-breasted, pin-striped suits and no spats,† Mendes says. â€Å"I was trying to get away from all the clichà ©s of the gangster genre.† Hall’s overarching strategy for the film dovetailed with the director’s goal by favoring naturalistic realism over a more stylized approach to the material. â€Å"The thing that makes this picture work so well is a kind of honesty,† Hall says. â€Å"It’s a sort of honest reality that doesn’t try to be theatrical in any way. There is no blue moonlight, no green vistas, none of that kind of stuff. The film has very carefully crafted compositions, it’s meticulously cut, and it’s paced very gently and slowly — all of which is good for the story.† Of his photography, Hall notes that â€Å"I’m not trying to characterize the people in the film; the actors do that. I’m trying to frame them in an appropriate emotional context for the scenes. How are their characters behaving in those scenes? Are they behaving like human beings? My goal is to make a given scene emotionally accessible for the audience. I just try to make it real. Whatever the story is trying to say to the audience dictates to me the mood I should use to reach that audience. In this case, the film is about a father who’s trying to raise his son so that the boy won’t grow up to be like him.

Scenario Solution

Scenario Solution Jennifer Hinkley HSM/220 November 20, 2011 Ruth Anne Ristow Axia College of University of Phoenix More and more students are dropping out of high school each year. The need to obtain the funds to open up programs that will make sure that these former students can gain the educational skills they need for their future careers. Having an education will ensure that careers is kept. The plan will take a lot of work, understanding, and communication from all parties. The students, educators, and the community are the main parties’ involved. There can be a plan formulated to find the means for these drop-outs to step up to the challenge and gain enough information and confidence to find a job and to hold down that job successfully. It will not be easy to design the format of these informational programs or to raise the funds to do it. We can, however, organize the program formats in several ways. We can divide the work into departments that will help employees the importance of focusing on their assigned work without being distracted by other aspects of the large project. The first step will be to assemble a team of personnel whom focuses their efforts on advertising. This step is crucial to make sure that the students who need help will hear the message implied. The next step in the program would be to get the students enrolled. It might be difficult to make sure that they believe that their efforts, and ours, but counselors will be there to show them that it is for a valuable purpose. In general, high school drop-outs have demonstrated that they are not that motivated to continue their education. Because of this, another team of personnel will be there to ensure that the returning students understand that a high school education and the associated skills are the best route to a respectable job. One disadvantage of this departmental approach is that the organization might lose track of an individual student who was brought into the program. In the event this happens, it might demoralize and de-motivate a student who thinks that they are being treated as if they are â€Å"special. † However, it may turn into an advantage as well. As the students meet many new people who want to help them, it will begin to boost their self-esteem and their sense of self-worth. The feeling of importance and the realization that many people actually care about their future helps tremendously as well. In the event any of the mentioned issues occur, there will be long-term mentors available to the students so that they do not get lost in the educational process. A group of personnel will also be designated for long-term mentorship of these students. The departments may be divided, but they are also a team that is all working towards the same goal. This is a sure way of increasing teamwork within the organization. With each employee working within their own department that they are specialized or certified in, then reporting back to the team, teamwork will grow throughout the organization. Teamwork is an asset for the foundation by itself, but each person can also build on what another has to say by contributing their own thoughts and experiences. Overall, everything will improve. This includes the students, the organization, and the future cooperate world. The matrix organizational form is also worth considering for the organization. In this organizational form, employees are divided into their skills. For example, within our program created for the drop-out students, some employees may be better at advertising and promoting. Some may be a â€Å"people-person† who are easy to talk to and get along well with other people. Then there are some employees that are good with numbers, math, and logistics. The group that is gifted with advertising and promoting would go into the community to contact and recruit drop-outs, so that they know about and can use our program. Advertising is important, because these drop-outs might not be motivated to do much educationally. Charismatic and excitable kinds of people are needed who can encourage the drop-outs along and motivate them when they falter. Our â€Å"people-persons† would be the employees who would mentor individual students. Finally, the personnel whom are talented with numbers and math would cope with the program budget, finances, supplies, and scheduling. Coming up with the excitement to recruit these students is not the only difficulty that is faced. The competition that is out there that offers available, low-skill jobs will give the drop-outs a sense that our services are not needed. This creates a problem for the organization especially with the jobs that do not require an education to be employed there. These jobs are in fast food, manual labor like landscaping, and domestic work. These companies usually do not require a high school education and they often prefer to hire unskilled, low-wage workers. To compete with these operations, the organization should pass out fliers or brochures near the companies, businesses, and neighborhoods that are employing these high school dropouts. Even a few posted fliers in local assistance offices may help. To make sure that these fliers are effective, the organization will have a design team from the marketing department. The design team will design, create, and print pamphlets, fliers, brochures, and other information about the organization. To compete with these low-educational, low-skill jobs, the main goal is to have a plan to make the students think about wanting more in their lives. They might want a more fulfilling job, a better ability to care for their family, or a better income in the future from a better-paying job. The community would have to supply some of the organization's financial needs. A good example is having a place to hold meetings. Meeting outdoors can be productive and fun so that idea does not need to be eliminated. Once a week, instead of paying for a meeting place, a community outreach program can be held at a local park. This provides space, seating, and opportunity. Drop-out students and even their families and friends could meet each other along with possible and current recruited students. This provides open communication about the program as well as an opportunity to answer any questions the public may have. This allows time to share information and just have a fun time outside while learning about the organization. Some community members might not be supportive of our program, as it would use city money to help drop-outs who, they will argue, should have just stayed in high school and gotten the same results for less money. They will ask questions like: Since the government guarantees free high school education for every student, why should we pay money for this new program when their education should have been free to these students in the first place? In counterpoint, an explanation will be given. This explanation is that local schools are losing government funds from the increasing drop-out rate, and in turn the drop-out rate continues to rise. The program does not encourage more students to drop out, but only help students who already have. It will revitalize the education system by driving home the point as to how important a continuing education is to a student and a citizen. For the program to reach its goals, all of the possible foundation employees will need incentives to do their best. So that all of the employees are working at their top level, incentives and reward systems will be created. The employee who is most successful at recruiting drop-outs into the program, for example, will be rewarded. The employees, rather than the manager, will determine who receives the rewards and what they should be. For example, a manager might decide to give an employee a personal reward of funds to take a few over achieving students to dinner. This only provides ample opportunity to continue to motivate and congratulate the students on their progress. There are many ways that upper management can reward employees for helping the foundation, but the best rewards are the ones that employees want. A survey of the employees to find out which rewards would motivate them the best might be a great way. When the organization has met the original goals of the program, the employees who have contributed the most will also be rewarded. This will motivate employees to strive to reach the foundation's goals. Making goals stimulates personal drive, and it will make foundation employees push themselves harder to achieve the most that they can for themselves and for the organization. The program and the goals in its entirety can be reached, but not without a proper budget. The accounting department along with the human resource department will get together every year to create a budget for the organization itself and the program in which they offer. A line item budget shows the total agency budget. It obtains the number in which the organization cannot go over. It is broken down to how much employees are paid as well as the cost of operating. Another budget needed for the organization to operate successfully is a budget for each person in the organization. This includes skills needed, time spent on training, and a reakdown of what can be spent on each student. With all of the time, energy, and good resources, the organization will reach its goals of helping high school dropouts to obtain their diplomas. This organization is for the good of mankind and what can be done to help others in need. This also creates a chance that returning students will encourage their offspring to continue in their education as well to help the number of overall dropouts to decrease. Line Item Budget Revenue $1,600,000 Expenses Personnel Executive director $100,000 Training supervisor $80,000 Trainers $500,000 Administrative coordinator $45,000 Administrative staff $75,000 Total salaries and wages $800,000 Employee-related benefit$200,000 Expenses @ 25% Operating expenses Rent $125,000 Overhead costs$100,000 Utilities $100,000 Office supplies $25,000 Equipment/lease $50,000 Transportation and travel $100,000 Outside consultants $100,000 Total operating expenses $600,000 Total agency budget $1,600,000 Budget for each person Local government workforce agency—functional and program budget 1 2 3 4 Basic skill Outreach Indirect Total rogram program cost and functional overhead budget Expenses Personnel Executive director $100,000 Training supervisor $80,000 Trainers $300,000 $200,000 Administrative $27,000 $18,000 coordinator Administrative staff $45,000 $30,000 Total salaries and $372,000 $248,000 $180,000 wages Employee-related $93,000 $62,000 $45,000 benefit expenses @ 25% Total personnel costs $465,000 $310,000 $225,000 Operating Expenses Rent $75,000 $50,000 Overhead costs $60,000 $40,000 Utilities $60,000 $40,000 Office supplies $15,000 $10,000 Equipment/lease $30,000 $20,000 Transportation and $60,000 $40,000 travel Outside consultants $60,000 $40,000 Total operating $360,000 $240,000 expenses Total agency budget $825,000 $550,000 $225,000 $1,600,000 Number of eligible 1,000 1,000 1,000 students Total budget need per $825 $550 $225 $1,600 eligible student References Ashford, E. 2011, November 11). Helping high school dropouts get on a college, career track. Retrieved 11 16, 2011, from Community College Times: http://www. communitycollegetimes. com/Pages/Campus-Issues/Community-colleges-play-a-key-role-in-dropout-recovery. aspx Haskins, D. B. (2010, Spring). The Future of Children. Retrieved 11 16, 2011, from http://futureofchildren. org: http://futureofchildren. org/futureofchildren/publications/docs/20_01_PolicyBrief. pdf Kettner, P. M. (2002). Achieving Excellence in the Management of Human Services Organizations. Allyn and Bacon.

The Vietnamese culture, a rich heritage on many different levels

Vietnamese Culture Thesis Statement: The Vietnamese culture, a rich heritage on many different levels. Through exploring its religion, population, language, education, government, art and economics, an appreciation can be developed for the important contributions Vietnamese people make in American society. The early inhabitants of the area were Negritos. Some 4,000 years ago Austronesian (Indonesian) migrants from the north were moving into the area that is now North Vietnam. Later, Austro-Asiatic (Mon-Klimer and Maylayo-Polynesian) peoples arrived. Then, about 2500 years ago Viet (Yueh) and Tai peoples moved down from southern China. Out of this mixture of genes, languages, and cultures arose Van Lang, considered to have been the first Vietnamese Kingdom. In mid-third century B. C Van Lang was over run by and incorporated into another state to the north, forming the kingdom of Au Lac. Then Au Lac was incorporated into an even larger and more powerful state: Nam Viet. (Levison 284) Historically speaking, Vietnam (officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam as of 1992) has struggled for independence for at least two thousand years, primarily from China. There have been brief periods when the country has itself p In spite of its long relationship and physical closeness to China, Vietnam has for most of historical time â€Å"defined itself as China†tms enemy, a fact memorialized in folk song and legend† (301). The Communist party enlists neighborhood committees and uses these along with its own organizations to monitor behavior and punish what it perceives to be deviance from the norm. About 20 percent of all Vietnamese people live in cities, the majority of these in two or three room apartments. The punishment for exceeding the two child limit was most easily enforced† (295). Once a tattoo artist, Tan experiments with subjects such as men masturbating and variations on the phallic symbol. But number one, there is very little money to be made in Vietnam, so there are few places to spend it. In writing, these tones are marked diametrically, giving the language a great musicality. In 1994 the population of Vietnam was roughly 69 millions. Respecting its economy, Vietnam is and always has been a very poor country, â€Å"with an annual per capita income of less than U. Although the party has eased up on the economy a bit regarding control, it still wields absolute political power. In Vietnam, â€Å"gossip and ridicule have been important weapons for social control because of a concern for face† (296). Was Communism to be practiced, as it should be in Vietnam There would be a middle and upper class which there are not except at the level of government, meaning it†tms the same old story of corruption, hunger for power and the odd need to keep the people as submissive and as under-privileged as possible. The children are taught that â€Å"water from Vietnam†tms many rivers and from the annual monsoons is basic to the rice agriculture† (26), which is so vital to the country†tms existence in terms of both substance and economy. Music plays a central role in daily life just as it does in America; its fine arts and architecture, however, reflect Chinese as well as Western influence. Most households have altars for their ancestors and â€Å"small shrines built in honor of various spirits (the earth god, Shakyamuni, the goddess of mercy, the god of wealth, etc. In spite of its long relationship and physical closeness to China, Vietnam has for most of historical time â€Å"defined itself as China†tms enemy, a fact memorialized in folk song and legend† (301). The Communist party enlists neighborhood committees and uses these along with its own organizations to monitor behavior and punish what it perceives to be deviance from the norm. About 20 percent of all Vietnamese people live in cities, the majority of these in two or three room apartments. The punishment for exceeding the two child limit was most easily enforced† (295). Once a tattoo artist, Tan experiments with subjects such as men masturbating and variations on the phallic symbol. But number one, there is very little money to be made in Vietnam, so there are few places to spend it. In writing, these tones are marked diametrically, giving the language a great musicality. In 1994 the population of Vietnam was roughly 69 millions. Respecting its economy, Vietnam is and always has been a very poor country, â€Å"with an annual per capita income of less than U. Although the party has eased up on the economy a bit regarding control, it still wields absolute political power. In Vietnam, â€Å"gossip and ridicule have been important weapons for social control because of a concern for face† (296). Was Communism to be practiced, as it should be in Vietnam There would be a middle and upper class which there are not except at the level of government, meaning it†tms the same old story of corruption, hunger for power and the odd need to keep the people as submissive and as under-privileged as possible. The children are taught that â€Å"water from Vietnam†tms many rivers and from the annual monsoons is basic to the rice agriculture† (26), which is so vital to the country†tms existence in terms of both substance and economy. Music plays a central role in daily life just as it does in America; its fine arts and architecture, however, reflect Chinese as well as Western influence. Most households have altars for their ancestors and â€Å"small shrines built in honor of various spirits (the earth god, Shakyamuni, the goddess of mercy, the god of wealth, etc.

MBA career

It is always a major life decision to choose to return to college and obtain a graduate degree. Throughout my career I have been setting goals for myself that I could accomplish with the skills and organizational abilities that I already possessed, always looking for the next step in a successful career, but at this point in my life it has become apparent that I cannot accomplish the goals that I have set for myself without first returning to college and obtaining a Masters of Business Administration, and of all of the colleges that I have researched Rice University has the one program that best fits my needs and my goals is the MBA program in Accounting and Entrepreneurship. An MBA would help me develop the skills necessary to succeed in starting and managing my own business, and eventually expanding my business internationally, and the MBA program at Rice University would help me add to the repertoire of skills that I have developed through my current work experience and allow me to grow into the leader and manager that can accomplish great things in the world of business. When I began my career in my current position as Operating Manager at Marble Slab Creamery in Houston, Texas I became instantly aware of the potential for growth that existed within the company as a franchise. In fact, Marble Slab Creamery encourages entrepreneurs who want to think outside the box, who wish to become business owners and managers, and who have a vision for the expansion of the franchise. This vision can only be accomplished with the proper leadership qualities, accountancy training, and business management skills that I can gain through an MBA program, and the MBA program at your university fits the needs that I have for having a successful career as a franchise owner and investor. My goal after obtaining my graduate degree from Rice University is to join the franchise of Marble Slab Creamery and open my own business within the United States as a way of jumping into the role of business owner and manager. Following that, my ultimate goal is to bring Marble Slab Creamery international, opening stores in my native China. There is a great deal of economic growth happening in China, and especially within cities there is a great market for expanding American businesses, like restaurants and stores, and millions of potential customers who are seeing economic growth not only in their country and communities, but within their own households. My understanding of both Chinese and American culture will become an asset because it will help me successfully develop a business plan and follow my goals for long-term overseas investments. Marble Slab Creamery has the potential to become a successful and popular store in China, and it is my hope that after developing the skills, abilities, and leadership growth that I can gain from the MBA program at your university I can move forward in my career and bring Marble Slab Creamery global. By doing so, I hope to be able to gain more financial support from the successful expansion of Marble Slab Creamery to invest in other, bigger business projects, both here and in China. My life and work experiences have allowed me to develop into a strong business and operating manager. My ambition, drive, work-ethic and ability to think outside the box are all assets that are important in accomplishing a great deal in business, both in the United States and internationally. By obtaining a graduate degree from your institution I will be able to build upon the foundation of my own abilities to become a successful business manager, investor, and owner. My strengths will also contribute to the strong environment present at Rice University, and I believe my experience will bring a great contribution to the academic environment and to my fellow students in the MBA program. Â  

Operating and Information System: Case Study on Airasia

WEEK 7 :Operating and Information System: Case Study on AirAsiaAirAsia creates values through the following vision is to be the largest low cost airline in Asia and serving the 3 billion people who are currently underserved with poor connectivity and high fares. Beside that, the AirAsia also creates the mission is to be the best company to work for whereby employees are treated as part of a big family, create a globally recognized ASEAN brand, to attain the lowest cost so that everyone can fly with AirAsia and the last is maintain the highest quality product, embracing technology to reduce cost and enhance service levels. AirAsia makes the low fare model possible and create values through the implementation of the 6 key strategies. The first of the key strategies is Safety First, AirAsia wan to be partnering with the world’s most renowned maintenance providers and complying with the world airline operations. Beside that, the second key strategies is High Aircraft Utilization is mean implementing the regions fastest turnaround time at only 25 minutes, assuring lower costs and higher productivity. Low Fare and No Frills are also is AirAsia’s key strategies, Low Fare and No Frills is mean providing guests with the choice of customizing services without compromising on quality and services. Another key strategies is Streamline Operation, this key strategies is make sure that processes are as simple as possible. Beside that, Lean Distribution System is offering a wide and innovative range of distribution channels to make booking and traveling easier. The last of the AirAsia’s key strategies is Point to Point Network is to applying the point-to-point network keeps operation simple and lower costs. Business process and operation in the AirAsia is has fostered a dependency on Internet technology for its operational and strategic management, and provides an online ticket booking services to traveler online. In todays globalize economy, information technology has driven fundamental changes in the nature and application of technology in business. The implementation of information technology in its value chain provides powerful strategic and tactical tools for AirAsia, which if properly applied and used, could bring great advantages in promoting and strengthening the competitive advantages. Moreover, AirAsia has currently adopted information technologies strategically to integrate the operations and coordinate all the business and management functions. The followings are few system implementations that AirAsia has done in its marketing and sales activities as well as operation activity in the value chain. The lowest airlines like Air Asia attending low cost require high efficiency in every part of the business and maintaining simplicity. Therefore every system process must incorporate the best industry practices. The key components of the LCC business model are High aircraft utilization, No frills, Streamline Operations, Basic Amenities,Point to point network, Lean Distribution System. Aircraft is kept flying as much as possible, the first flight starts as early in the morning commercially possible and the final flight typically ends at midnight. A fast turnaround is critical to ensure time spent of the ground is minimal – an airline makes money when the aircraft is flying, not when the aircraft is parked. AirAsia’s turnaround time is 25 minutes; compare that against 1 hour for a FSC. On average, AirAsia’s utilization per aircraft is 12 block hours per day, a FSC might do about 8 block hours per day. No frills such as no free food and beverages, free seating, no refund and no loyalty programme. Making the process as simple as possible is the key of a successful LCC. Single type of aircraft, single class seating, Standard Operating Procedures. Secondary airports. Low cost carriers mostly fly to and from airports that are not necessarily the busiest, for example, London – Stanstead rather than London – Heathrow. These are often referred to as secondary airports. Operating from so called secondary airports is cheaper than from the bigger major airports and they are also a lot less congested and â€Å"turnaround times† for aircraft are a lot shorter. Point to point network. LCC shuns the hub-and-spoke system and embraces the simple point-to-point network. Almost all AirAsia flights are short-haul (3 hour flight or less). No arrangements have been made with other airline companies on connecting flights, on possibilities of flight transfers, nor on having the luggage labeled and assed through from one flight to another. Distribution costs are something that FSC most often ignore. Very often, FSC relies on travel agents and from their posh sales office. Furthermore, FSC always blows the budget by complicating their distribution channels by integrating their systems with multiple Global Distribution Systems. LCC will keep their distribution channel as simple as possible and will cover the w hole spectrum of the clientele profile. For example, AirAsia can cater to the most sophisticated European traveler via internet and credit card sales. And at the same time, AirAsia has an established system to sell our tickets to the most remote and technology deprived locations, such as in Myanmar. When talking about LCC, some quarters will react with cynical and sometimes preposterous views. If a passenger must stand in a flight due to lack of seats or there will be chickens in the flight. Such misconceptions are not surprising, given the fact that scheduled, low-fare flights are a relatively new phenomenon in the world. The reason for the success of the new low cost carriers is very simple – move the maximum number of passengers at the minimum of cost. The concept of LCC is based on the idea that people would fly a lot more often if it were more affordable. LCC airline’s main mission is to make air travel the most simple, convenient and inexpensive form of transportation in the world. The fare differential between the full service carriers (FSC) and LCC can be as high as 40%-60% cheaper. Air Asia SWOT such as Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. Strengths analysis have low cost operations, fewer management level, effective, focused and aggressive management, simple proven business model that consistently delivers that lowest fares, multi-skilled staffs means efficient and incentive workforce, penetrate and stimulate to potential markets. Weaknesses analysis have limited human resources could not handle irregular situation, government interference and regulation on airport deals and passenger compensation, brand is vital for market position and developing it is always a challenge, and new entrants to provide the price-sensitive services. Oppurtunities analysis also have long haul flight is an trial to get undeveloped market share, differentiation from traditional LCC model by adding customer services or operation as full service airline with low fare, and ongoing industry consolidation has opened up prospects for new routes and airport deals. And the last one Threats analysis have full service airlines start cut costs to compete, high fuel price decreases yield, accident, terrorist attack, and disaster and affect customer confidence, increase in operation cost in producing value-added services, and system disruption due to heavily reliance on online sales. In AirAsia have Yield Management System (YMS) . This system is to anticipates and reacts to the behavior of customers to maximize the revenue. For some example, for the seat are available at various prices in different points of time. A reservation done at a later date will be charged more than the one done earlier for the same seat. For the Route is adjusting prices for routes or destinations that have a higher demand when compared to others. During off-peak times while raising prices only marginally for peak times. For the AirAsia’s Computer Reservation is an integrated web-enabled reservation and inventory system suite powered by Navitaire’s Open Skies technology that includes Internet, call center, and airport departure control functionality. Computer Reservation System is also satisfy the unique needs of AirAsia implementing a low-cost business model to transform the business process to efficiently streamline operations. Enterprise Resource Planning System(ERP) in AirAsia is an integrated solution powered by Microsoft Business Solutions (MBS) on Microsoft technology platform which is implemented by Avanade consultants in 2005. With the robust ERP technology platform, AirAsia is able to successfully maintain process integrity, reduce financial month-end closing processing time, speeds up reporting and data retrieval process. Customer Relationship Program (CRM) the information management process, the multichannel integration process, the value creation process, the strategy development process and the performance assessment process. The fundamental to a successful CRM strategy requires seamless customer-centric processes, supported by integrated technology across the enterprise and its supply chain which provide the right information at the right time. To ensure that technology solutions support CRM, CRM tools must be making trade offs in flexibility, customizability, cost, convenience and speed of deployment; certainly it must match to the needs of the business. However, CRM tool is just a supplement to CRM strategy, appropriate strategy and excellent implementation is essential for a successful CRM.

Profile for Talent Director and Job Description for As Human Resource Essay - 1

Profile for Talent Director and Job Description for As Human Resource Coordinator - Essay Example As a result of the various layers in a bureaucratic organization, the decision making authority actually passes through several layers. Indeed, the characterization of bureaucracy as a â€Å"substitute for leadership† has been on the rise and is seen as the best way of managing organizational communication. Within the bureaucratic organizational structure, information flows from the top management. A good leader in a bureaucratic organization should enhance clear communication channels between them and their employees (Jasper 2). Thus, they the needs of the employees should be well communicated to the leaders. In this regard, effective actions are taken due to the clear information about the employees’ needs. Therefore, staffs’ needs and problems are effectively and efficiently attended to by the director. A democratic leadership style should be enhanced by the director if the needs of the staff are to be addressed properly. In this case, the leaders who exhibit this leadership style involve the staff in the decision making process. Hence the staff is able to participate in giving opinions of how activities should be handled in the organization. In this way, the staffs’ needs are catered for as they are clearly established in the participatory leadership. The director ensures the safety of the staff and consequently their safety of the work place. If the working conditions are not conducive, staff appears to lower their output. Therefore, when the need for safety is facilitated, the staff becomes enthusiastic as they feel that their needs are part of the company’s best interest. Collaborates with the director and other staff in promoting consistency with division that include organizational workflow through the guidance of institutional and departmental practice policies and guidelines The coordinator is expected ton be a team player but often became authoritative

Conflict Management Styles Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Conflict Management Styles - Term Paper Example Additionally, this paper explains how conflict management relates to my effectiveness as a leader. An example of a conflict I have handled effectively involved a disagreement between two nurses. The two nurse had different views on how a certain case involving a patient could be handled. As each one of the nurse considered their contribution as superior, a verbal exchange arose. In handling this conflict, I encouraged the two nurses to collaborate in this case. In other words, I advised the two nurses to set their original suggestion regarding how the case would be handled aside and subsequently directed them to work together to decide on a common objective. The results to this approach were positive and in fact led to the overall improvement and advancement of the process of care within the health care institution. This collaboration ensured teamwork, encouraged communication, and hence nurses were overly motivated in their work. If such a conflict would arise for a second time, I would opt for the same approach to conflict management. However, there are ways or steps I would take in a bid to improve my comfort level and skill for managing in the future. One of the steps in engaging in dialogue or discussions with employees. Johansen (2012) brings forward the fact that "Nursing leaders and direct care nurses need to engage in dialogues that address conflict management behavior as a first step in creating a healthy work environment" (p. 52). Effective dialogues ensures conflicts are handled effectively as avoiding them would elevate stress levels among nurses as well as among other stakeholders. Secondly, I would ensure regular trainings and seminars where all employees would be trained on how to effectively manage conflicts within the workplace. Subsequently, it would also be important to identify potential conflict areas and implement strategies that would avert any conflicts from

Solving the world food problems is the most is important step now for Essay

Solving the world food problems is the most is important step now for human kind - Essay Example However, food problems seem to be the result of combining all these problems. Therefore, commentators may conclude that solving the current world food problems is the most important step for humans. This paper seeks to address the food problems issue in this context, analyzing the reasons for the current food shortages and its potential solution. In addition, the paper addresses the genetically modified food and bio-fuel production, as well as global warming and its impacts on the world food supply. The most obvious reason for the food problems is overpopulation. According to statistics, the world population was 2.5 billion in 1950, and experts estimate the figure to reach 9.2 billion in 2050. However, this significant increase is not accompanied by increased food production. For instance, the meat consumption in 1980 in China was 20kg per capita, but 50kg per capita three decades later (Kates, 2001:18). The increase in the demand for food has rose by 200%, and will increase by 50% by 2030. As food becomes scarcer, food products could increase in price. This creates a vicious cycle of food shortages and poverty in economically developing and disadvantaged countries. For example, the food prices in Haiti have rose by 50 to 100% in a few decades. Additionally, the prices of food continue to rise. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization price index shows that the there has been a steady increase in food prices, from 12% in 2005 to 24% in 2007 to 50% in 20 08. Data from the World Bank shows the same trend (Messer, Cohen, and D’Costa, 2001:12). However, overpopulation is not the only cause of the significant increase in food prices. The global economy has experienced several serious financial crises in the past decade. Consider the Great recession of 2009 and the recent Euro debt crisis. Bad soil moisture and associated soil drainage results to the high food prices. Poor soil moisture causes poor drainage, which also depends on the grade

Economics and Business of Insurance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Economics and Business of Insurance - Assignment Example The minimum wage law formulated by the government in London sets the wage above that dictated by market forces. This results in employers hiring few labourers than what they would have employed without the prefixed minimum wage. Examples abound in hotels, restaurants and catering outlets marked by high number of vacancies (Munday 60). Another point that has been identified by Toporowski is that the city politics in U.K. has often led to inefficient resource allocation, thereby resulting in a sub-optimal path of capital accumulation and industrial development (Toporowski 143). According to Economic and Research Council Report 2004-2005, productivity performance of U.K. is not very impressive. U.K. has been haunted by productivity gap for a long time, compared to other countries of the European Union. A number of reasons have been upheld by the Council, which are considered as probable reasons for this less productive nature. They are investment and innovation failure; poor labour relations; over-regulation of business; and lack of entrepreneurship. These factors have kept productivity of the labour low; which in turn has adversely impacted growth of the nation. The problem of productivity gap can be divided into three stages of time; the first phase occurred in 1945, the second in 1973 and the final one in 1990s. This productivity gap exists in the present scenario. The comparison with other European Nations had revealed that in countries like, France and Germany, the capital invested per worker is higher than in U.K. The labourers in these countries also possess higher level of skills compared to U.K. The works of Stephen Broadberry and Mary O’Mahony suggest that long-run stable investments in physical and human capital are necessary for productivity growth. Labour productivity can be hugely boosted if these areas are worked on properly. This report also highlights a host of factors that can contribute to